While Mental Health in PCOS is still open to a lot of research, there is enough evidence to substantiate that women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) are at a higher risk of experiencing mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, somatization, eating disorders, and reduced sexual satisfaction.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder affecting approximately 8% to 13% of reproductive-age women worldwide. Beyond its well-documented physical manifestations, PCOS significantly impacts mental health, leading to a higher prevalence of psychological disorders among affected women.

Prevalence and Incidence of Mental Health Disorders in Women with PCOS

Studies have shown that women with PCOS are four to seven times more likely to experience depression and anxiety compared to those without the condition. Additionally, they are three to six times more susceptible to developing eating disorders. These statistics underscore the profound psychological burden associated with PCOS.

D for Depression in PCOS
Image -Photo by Sydney Latham on Unsplash

Causes of Mental Health Disorders in PCOS

Several factors contribute to the heightened incidence of mental health issues among women with PCOS:

  1. Hormonal Imbalances: Elevated androgen levels and insulin resistance, common in PCOS, can adversely affect neurotransmitter function, leading to mood disturbances and increased anxiety.
  2. Physical Symptoms: Manifestations such as weight gain, hirsutism (excessive hair growth), and acne can negatively impact body image and self-esteem, contributing to depression and social withdrawal.
  3. Infertility Concerns: The challenges associated with fertility in PCOS can lead to significant emotional distress, feelings of inadequacy, and grief, further exacerbating mental health issues.

Addressing the mental health aspects of PCOS is crucial. Comprehensive management strategies should include regular mental health screenings and interventions tailored to the unique psychological challenges faced by women with PCOS.

Common Mental Health Issues in PCOS

The most prevalent health issues that women with PCOS report in the psychology clinics are:
  • Depression: Studies indicate that women with PCOS are nearly 3 times more likely to experience depressive symptoms.
  • Anxiety: PCOS is linked to a quadruple increase in anxiety risk.
  • Bipolar Disorder: There’s an increased risk of bipolar disorder in women with PCOS.
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): PCOS is associated with an increased risk of OCD.
  • Somatization: Women with PCOS may experience somatization, where psychological distress manifests as physical symptoms.
  • Eating Disorders: The risk of eating disorders, particularly binge-eating disorder, may be increased in women with PCOS.
  • Body Image Issues: PCOS can lead to dissatisfaction with body image, which can negatively impact mental health.
  • Reduced Sexual Satisfaction: PCOS can also impact sexual satisfaction, contributing to mental health challenges.

Other Factors Contributing to Mental Health Issues:

  • Hormonal Imbalances: PCOS is characterized by hormonal imbalances, including elevated androgen levels, which can contribute to mood disturbances and anxiety.
  • Insulin Resistance: Insulin resistance, common in PCOS, can affect neurotransmitter function, hindering mood regulation.
  • Chronic Inflammation: Chronic inflammation, also linked to PCOS, is associated with anxiety and depression.
  • Physical Symptoms: PCOS symptoms like irregular periods, acne, hirsutism (excess hair growth), and infertility can lead to stress and emotional distress.
  • Social Stigma: Living with PCOS can lead to social stigma and negative experiences, further impacting mental health.
  • Weight Management Challenges: Weight management challenges associated with PCOS can negatively impact self-esteem and body image, contributing to mental health issues.

Remember It is OK to Seek Support

​Managing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) encompasses both physical and emotional well-being. If you or someone you know is navigating the mental health challenges associated with PCOS, it’s essential to seek support. In India, several helplines offer confidential assistance:​

  • Tele-MANAS: A Government of India initiative providing 24/7 free mental health support. Call 14416 to connect with trained counselors. ​telemanas.mohfw.gov.in+1Live Love Laugh+1

  • KIRAN Mental Health Rehabilitation Helpline: Operated by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, this 24/7 toll-free helpline can be reached at 1800-599-0019. ​Press Information Bureau

  • iCALL: A service by the Tata Institute of Social Sciences offering free telephone and email-based counseling. Call +91 9152987821 (Monday to Saturday, 10 AM to 8 PM) or email [email protected]. ​icallhelpline.org 

A Request to Doctors

This is a note for fellow physicians or gynaecologists – When a patient comes to you for physical symptoms and you reach the diagnosis of PCOS, do make a quick check on the mental health of your patient and let them know that resources are available to help them.

Remember, reaching out is a sign of strength. Support is available, and you are not alone on this journey.

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